The Wolf is a player who acts like a regular player during the day, but secretly kills players during the night, together with all the other werewolves.
doomimg is an action that horsemen take as part of their win condition. they win when everyone is doomed and can doom one or multiple people per night depending on which horseman. it is not a townsfolk action, only you and the horseman that doomed you know you have been doomed unless either of you tell anyone
and the answer to how you work out anything this game is to try and consult with other players and wait for people to claim and for things to unravel
11:11
correction: when everyone is doomed they become apocalyptic which grants them extra powers, they win when everyone is dead